Lifespan/Tufts/Brown Center for AIDS Research renewed with $8.5 million NIH grant

Public release date: 27-Jun-2012
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Contact: Jessica Collins Grimes
jgrimes2@lifespan.org
401-793-7484
Lifespan

Funding renews Center's distinction as a CFAR site, supports collaborative HIV/AIDS research

PROVIDENCE, R.I. The Miriam Hospital has received an $8.5 million, five-year renewal grant from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to support the continued growth of the Lifespan/Tufts/Brown Center for AIDS Research (CFAR).

The grant enables both junior and senior investigators from Brown University, Tufts University and their affiliated teaching hospitals including The Miriam Hospital to pursue their research goals and explore new opportunities for HIV/AIDS research through interdisciplinary collaboration and shared resources.

Currently, more than 60 CFAR investigators from fields including infectious disease, virology, behavioral medicine, biostatistics and nutrition are collaborating across institutions on basic science, clinical and behavioral studies, and translational research to advance the prevention, detection and treatment of HIV/AIDS.

Based at The Miriam Hospital, the Lifespan/Tufts/Brown CFAR is one of just 21 centers located at leading AIDS research institutions nationwide, and is one of only 10 CFAR sites to receive continuous NIH support since the program's inception in 1988. The CFAR is nationally recognized for its expertise in the management of HIV infection in women, delivery of HIV care in the correctional system, clarification of the nutritional consequences of HIV infection and management of HIV/tuberculosis co-infections in the developing world. CFAR investigators have provided leadership for national inter-CFAR working groups in each of these areas.

"The continuous funding of our center reflects the strength and excellence of our HIV/AIDS research program, the seamless collaboration among our institutions and the ingenuity and innovation of our researchers working to stem the tide of the AIDS pandemic," said Charles C.J. Carpenter, M.D., principal investigator and founding director of the Lifespan/Tufts/Brown CFAR. "This grant renewal will provide us with the necessary support to advance prevention, detection and treatment efforts, both here in the United States and in countries around the world that have been devastated by HIV and AIDS."

The grant renewal will support shared "core" facilities that provide expertise and services, such as biostatistics resources and administrative support, to investigators at all participating institutions. The CFAR's primary research areas include women and underserved populations, HIV/AIDS prevention (both in southern New England and the developing world), nutrition and retrovirology, with a major emphasis on mechanisms of viral resistance to antiviral treatment.

The CFAR also includes a developmental "core" to provide initial funding for new investigators and to support faculty mentoring activities one of the Center's major objectives. Since 1998, it has awarded nearly $3 million in developmental grants to support new research by junior investigators. These scientists have subsequently brought in more than $34 million in NIH grant funding to the CFAR's affiliated institutions. In 2011, the total NIH funding for Lifespan/Tufts/Brown CFAR investigators was $25.5 million, with 51 research grants awarded to participating faculty.

Carpenter says continuing NIH support of the Brown/Tufts Fogarty AIDS International Training and Research Program (AITRP) has been essential to the CFAR's international research and training efforts. Led by CFAR associate director Susan Cu-Uvin, M.D., the AITRP provides interdisciplinary training for many foreign clinical, behavioral science and public health investigators interested in AIDS research. The program helps develop international scientists who become competent and independent researchers and can address critical issues facing their own countries' HIV/AIDS epidemics. Leadership of each of the CFAR's participating institutions have each pledged substantial additional support to fund development of collaborative research by junior scientists at partnering institutions in sub-Saharan Africa and south India.

"We have a longstanding commitment to bring HIV awareness and knowledge both clinical and research to countries that are disproportionately affected by this disease and lack the resources to effectively cope with it," said Cu-Uvin. "The support and resources available through our CFAR are critical to helping us achieve our goal of improving the clinical care, survival and quality of life of the millions of HIV-positive people living in these countries and preventing further spread of this disease."

Lifespan/Tufts/Brown CFAR collaborating institutions include The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University and three of its teaching hospitals (The Miriam Hospital, Rhode Island Hospital and Women and Infants Hospital) and the Tufts University School of Medicine, along with its primary teaching hospital, Tufts Medical Center. The Miriam Hospital a founding member of the Lifespan health system serves as the primary contracting institution for the CFAR.

The CFAR award is jointly funded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Cancer Institute; National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; National Institute on Aging; National Institute on Drug Abuse; and National Institute of Mental Health.

Carpenter, an infectious disease specialist at The Miriam Hospital, is a professor of medicine at The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University. Cu-Uvin, founder of the HIV Menopause Clinic at The Miriam Hospital, is a professor of gynecology and medicine at Alpert Medical School and director of the Brown University Global Health Initiative.

###

This grant is supported by the National Institute Of Allergy And Infectious Diseases of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number P30AI042853. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.

---

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AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

Public release date: 27-Jun-2012
[ | E-mail | Share ]

Contact: Jessica Collins Grimes
jgrimes2@lifespan.org
401-793-7484
Lifespan

Funding renews Center's distinction as a CFAR site, supports collaborative HIV/AIDS research

PROVIDENCE, R.I. The Miriam Hospital has received an $8.5 million, five-year renewal grant from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to support the continued growth of the Lifespan/Tufts/Brown Center for AIDS Research (CFAR).

The grant enables both junior and senior investigators from Brown University, Tufts University and their affiliated teaching hospitals including The Miriam Hospital to pursue their research goals and explore new opportunities for HIV/AIDS research through interdisciplinary collaboration and shared resources.

Currently, more than 60 CFAR investigators from fields including infectious disease, virology, behavioral medicine, biostatistics and nutrition are collaborating across institutions on basic science, clinical and behavioral studies, and translational research to advance the prevention, detection and treatment of HIV/AIDS.

Based at The Miriam Hospital, the Lifespan/Tufts/Brown CFAR is one of just 21 centers located at leading AIDS research institutions nationwide, and is one of only 10 CFAR sites to receive continuous NIH support since the program's inception in 1988. The CFAR is nationally recognized for its expertise in the management of HIV infection in women, delivery of HIV care in the correctional system, clarification of the nutritional consequences of HIV infection and management of HIV/tuberculosis co-infections in the developing world. CFAR investigators have provided leadership for national inter-CFAR working groups in each of these areas.

"The continuous funding of our center reflects the strength and excellence of our HIV/AIDS research program, the seamless collaboration among our institutions and the ingenuity and innovation of our researchers working to stem the tide of the AIDS pandemic," said Charles C.J. Carpenter, M.D., principal investigator and founding director of the Lifespan/Tufts/Brown CFAR. "This grant renewal will provide us with the necessary support to advance prevention, detection and treatment efforts, both here in the United States and in countries around the world that have been devastated by HIV and AIDS."

The grant renewal will support shared "core" facilities that provide expertise and services, such as biostatistics resources and administrative support, to investigators at all participating institutions. The CFAR's primary research areas include women and underserved populations, HIV/AIDS prevention (both in southern New England and the developing world), nutrition and retrovirology, with a major emphasis on mechanisms of viral resistance to antiviral treatment.

The CFAR also includes a developmental "core" to provide initial funding for new investigators and to support faculty mentoring activities one of the Center's major objectives. Since 1998, it has awarded nearly $3 million in developmental grants to support new research by junior investigators. These scientists have subsequently brought in more than $34 million in NIH grant funding to the CFAR's affiliated institutions. In 2011, the total NIH funding for Lifespan/Tufts/Brown CFAR investigators was $25.5 million, with 51 research grants awarded to participating faculty.

Carpenter says continuing NIH support of the Brown/Tufts Fogarty AIDS International Training and Research Program (AITRP) has been essential to the CFAR's international research and training efforts. Led by CFAR associate director Susan Cu-Uvin, M.D., the AITRP provides interdisciplinary training for many foreign clinical, behavioral science and public health investigators interested in AIDS research. The program helps develop international scientists who become competent and independent researchers and can address critical issues facing their own countries' HIV/AIDS epidemics. Leadership of each of the CFAR's participating institutions have each pledged substantial additional support to fund development of collaborative research by junior scientists at partnering institutions in sub-Saharan Africa and south India.

"We have a longstanding commitment to bring HIV awareness and knowledge both clinical and research to countries that are disproportionately affected by this disease and lack the resources to effectively cope with it," said Cu-Uvin. "The support and resources available through our CFAR are critical to helping us achieve our goal of improving the clinical care, survival and quality of life of the millions of HIV-positive people living in these countries and preventing further spread of this disease."

Lifespan/Tufts/Brown CFAR collaborating institutions include The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University and three of its teaching hospitals (The Miriam Hospital, Rhode Island Hospital and Women and Infants Hospital) and the Tufts University School of Medicine, along with its primary teaching hospital, Tufts Medical Center. The Miriam Hospital a founding member of the Lifespan health system serves as the primary contracting institution for the CFAR.

The CFAR award is jointly funded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Cancer Institute; National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; National Institute on Aging; National Institute on Drug Abuse; and National Institute of Mental Health.

Carpenter, an infectious disease specialist at The Miriam Hospital, is a professor of medicine at The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University. Cu-Uvin, founder of the HIV Menopause Clinic at The Miriam Hospital, is a professor of gynecology and medicine at Alpert Medical School and director of the Brown University Global Health Initiative.

###

This grant is supported by the National Institute Of Allergy And Infectious Diseases of the National Institutes of Health under Award Number P30AI042853. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.

---

[ | E-mail | Share ]

?

AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

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'Star Trek' Villain Forces Kirk To Grow, Chris Pine Says

Benedict Cumberbatch's character 'not just a blood-dripping-from-the-fangs bad guy,' Pine explains to MTV News.
By Kevin P. Sullivan, with reporting by Josh Horowitz

Chris Pine
Photo:

When J.J. Abrams got the opportunity to helm one of the most beloved franchises of all time, he took "Star Trek" literally where no man has gone before. The alternate timeline of his reboot laid down the law that this "Star Trek" can and will go anywhere its creators want.

When MTV News spoke to the captain of the Starship Enterprise, Chris Pine, his carefully measured words praised the work from Abrams and his screenwriters — Roberto Orci, Alex Kurtzman and Damon Lindelof — on the upcoming sequel.

"There is so much happening in their script. I can't say much of anything," Pine told MTV News while promoting his next film, Friday's "People Like Us." "They come from TV land, all of them: J.J., Bob, Alex and Damon. They've worked together in the highest-pressure situation in television for years. That machine is well-oiled."

The creative team's background in television is what Pine said allows them to change things on the fly and continually improve the film. "What you also get in that circumstance is it's a constantly evolving beast — the script, the material, how it's going to look, how J.J.'s going to shoot it," he said. "There is nothing set in stone, which is tremendously frightening, but also extremely exhilarating, especially when it's like a finely tuned racecar. They just know how to do it. In this constantly evolution, the script that they had written kept getting better and better."

For anyone familiar with the crew's previous work, which includes "Lost" and most recently "Prometheus," it shouldn't come as a surprise that Pine complimented the mythical qualities of the screenplay.

"What they're so good at is this kind of mythic reinvention. They're really good at writing myth, and these characters — I think what people will find with everybody — is that these characters go on mythic arcs," Pine said. "It's all about growing up. These are young men and young women, and they are not the crew that we know from the series. They're developing into that. It's a long way to go there."

Even with mystery surrounding the entire production, fans are most desperate for answers when it comes to just one aspect of the sequel: Benedict Cumberbatch joined the film as a villain, whose identity has yet to be revealed. Pine complimented the actor, but couldn't say much more than that the villain will bring out new qualities in Kirk.

"It is structured so that the antagonist brings out all of the qualities in Kirk that need to happen in order for Kirk to grow," Pine said. "As you know from Benedict, just watching him, vocally, he's fascinating. He's got this deep resonate voice. He's a fascinating face. He's a lovely guy and just super smart. You want to see something firing in his brain, so he's not just a blood-dripping-from-the-fangs bad guy. Benedict brings those kinds of smarts."

Check out everything we've got on "Star Trek 2."

For breaking news, celebrity columns, humor and more — updated around the clock — visit MTVMoviesBlog.com.

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Supreme Court Year in Review

I have read Arizona v. United States and was particularly struck by Justice Scalia's opinion dissenting from the part of the decision that invalidated several provisions of the Arizona law.

Justice Scalia is famously outspoken. Is that a good thing for a Supreme Court justice to be? Good or bad, it seems correlated with an increasing tendency of justices to engage in celebrity-type extrajudicial activities, such as presiding at mock trials of fictional and historical figures (was Hamlet temporarily insane when he killed Polonius? Should George Custer be posthumously court-martialed for blowing the Battle of the Little Big Horn?). My own view, expressed much better by professor Lawrence Douglas of Amherst, is that such activities give a mistaken impression of what trials are good for. But I would give Justice Sotomayor a pass for appearing on Sesame Street to adjudicate a dispute between two stuffed animals.

But that is to one side of Justice Scalia's opinion.

He is very concerned with the fact that the Obama administration recently announced a program suspending deportation efforts directed at more than1 million illegal immigrants under the age of 30. He quotes President Obama as having said that the program was "the right thing to do." Justice Scalia says that it "boggles the mind" to think that Arizona could be contradicting federal law by enforcing applications of federal immigration law "that the President declines to enforce." He says that the federal government "does not want to enforce the immigration laws as written, and leaves the States' borders unprotected against immigrants whom those laws would exclude." The federal government is "refus[ing] to enforce the Nation's immigration laws."

These are fighting words. The nation is in the midst of a hard-fought presidential election campaign; the outcome is in doubt. Illegal immigration is a campaign issue. It wouldn't surprise me if Justice Scalia's opinion were quoted in campaign ads. The program that appalls Justice Scalia was announced almost two months after the oral argument in the Arizona case. It seems rather a belated development to figure in an opinion in the case.

Illegal immigration is a polarizing political and social issue. Many people hate illegal immigrants. Others regard them as an indispensable part of the American labor force. There are 10 million to 11 million illegal immigrants (for rather obvious reasons no one knows the exact number), and illegal immigrants are thought to amount to about 5 percent of the total labor force. Because they tend to do jobs that few Americans want, and because their wages are below average, many (though by no means all) economists believe that the illegal immigrants actually increase the wages of Americans (including legal immigrants). The reason is that the existence of a large body of low-wage workers increases the demand for goods and services both by reducing the cost of production and by their own purchases as consumers, and increased demand for goods and services translates into increased demand for labor and hence higher wages. This is not a certainty but seems a good guess of the effect of illegal immigrants. Illegal immigrants do receive some social services, but fewer than citizens do. It is unclear whether they commit more crimes on average than citizens; they may commit fewer. Of course, some illegal immigrants are criminals, and the Obama administration has decided to focus the very limited resources of the federal immigration enforcement authorities on catching and deporting the criminals. Focusing on them and leaving the law-abiding (law-abiding except for the immigration law itself!) illegal immigrants seems a defensible policy. And certainly state and local law enforcement can assist the feds in apprehending illegal immigrants who commit crimes (being in this country without legal authorization is unlawful, but, with some exceptions, it is not criminal); nothing in the Arizona decision prevents that.

In his peroration, Justice Scalia says that "Arizona bears the brunt of the country's illegal immigration problem. Its citizens feel themselves under siege by large numbers of illegal immigrant who invade their property, strain their social services, and even place their lives in jeopardy." Arizona bears the brunt? Arizona is only one of the states that border Mexico, and if it succeeds in excluding illegal immigrants, these other states will bear the brunt, so it is unclear what the net gain to society would have been from Arizona's efforts, now partially invalidated by the Supreme Court. But the suggestion that illegal immigrants in Arizona are invading Americans' property, straining their social services, and even placing their lives in jeopardy is sufficiently inflammatory to call for a citation to some reputable source of such hyperbole. Justice Scalia cites nothing to support it.

As of last year there were estimated to be 360,000 illegal immigrants in Arizona, which is less than 6 percent of the Arizona population?below the estimated average illegal immigrant population of the United States. (So much for Arizona's bearing the brunt of illegal immigration.) Maybe Arizona's illegal immigrants are more violent, less respectful of property, worse spongers off social services, and otherwise more obnoxious than the illegal immigrants in other states, but one would like to see some evidence of that.

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AP Source: Airbus plans factory in Alabama

FILE - This Feb. 29, 2008 file photo shows the Airbus North America Engineering Center in Mobile, Ala. European plane maker Airbus intends to build its first U.S. plant in Mobile, Ala., a person with knowledge of its plans told The Associated Press on Wednesday, June 27, 2012. (AP Photo/Mobile Register, John David Mercer) MAGS OUT

FILE - This Feb. 29, 2008 file photo shows the Airbus North America Engineering Center in Mobile, Ala. European plane maker Airbus intends to build its first U.S. plant in Mobile, Ala., a person with knowledge of its plans told The Associated Press on Wednesday, June 27, 2012. (AP Photo/Mobile Register, John David Mercer) MAGS OUT

European plane maker Airbus intends to build its first U.S. plant in Mobile, Ala., a person with knowledge of the plans told The Associated Press on Wednesday.

Airbus will assemble its A320 jet there, according to the person, who requested anonymity because a public announcement has not been made. The A320 is a widely used plane flown by U.S. airlines including Delta and US Airways.

An Alabama plant would enable Airbus to produce planes squarely in the territory of archrival Boeing Co. It would likely mean lower production costs compared with Airbus' European A320 production lines in Toulouse, France, and Hamburg, Germany. The company also makes A320s in China.

The plan was reported earlier Wednesday by The New York Times, citing anonymous sources who said that an announcement could come as soon as Monday.

Airbus has said it wants to expand, and that it favors a site in the Southern U.S.

"We have made no secret of our hopes to expand our global footprint, including in the U.S., as we have a very strong market here," said Airbus spokeswoman Mary Anne Greczyn, who added that no decision has been made by the company's board.

An Alabama state legislator, speaking on condition of anonymity, said he's been asked by state officials to be in Mobile on Monday for an industrial announcement involving an airline project.

Airbus is aiming to boost A320 production. The 150-seat plane is generally used on short- and medium-haul flights, and Airbus makes more of them than any of its other planes. They retail for $88 million, although discounts are common for big customers.

Similarly, Boeing is ramping up production of its 737, which competes directly with the A320. Both companies are putting new, more fuel-efficient engines on the planes, hoping to extend their appeal as airlines try to cut their fuel bills. Airbus made its new-engine decision earlier than Boeing and got a big jump on orders.

The U.S. is a growing market for Airbus. American Airlines ordered 260 A320s last year, and US Airways is buying them as well. However, Delta Air Lines went with Boeing 737s in a 100-jet order in August.

Airbus already has a facility in Mobile that employs about 230 people designing and installing interior items such as seats and cabin equipment for its big planes, the A330, the superjumbo A380, and its planned A350.

It has had its eye on possible U.S. expansion for several years. Mobile is where Airbus parent EADS planned to put its assembly line for an aerial refueling plane it wanted to build for the U.S. Air Force, before losing that long-running duel to Boeing in Feb. 2011. The tanker would have been based on the A330, a larger plane than the A320 slated to be built there now.

In March 2011, then-EADS CEO Louis Gallois said that if or when EADS made a move into the U.S., the South would be its favored destination. At the time he said possible locations were Alabama, Mississippi, and Texas.

The plan by Airbus executives to open a plant in Alabama comes a few weeks after Fabrice Bregier took over as Airbus CEO on June 1. The CEO of EADS is now Tom Enders, who previously ran Airbus.

Mobile is already home to several aerospace companies, including ST Aerospace Mobile, Goodrich Aerospace and Star Aviation, and much of the business is based at the 1,650-acre Brookley Aeroplex.

___

Freed reported from Minneapolis. Associated Press Writer Phillip Rawls in Montgomery, Ala. contributed to this report.

Associated Press

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Top Pakistani and US generals meet as analysts question the value of military talks

Gen. John Allen, commander of US troops in Afghanistan, is visiting Pakistan's military chief. Do these sorts of talks undermine America's professed goal of strengthening Pakistan's civilian government?

By Mahvish Ahmad,?Correspondent / June 27, 2012

Gen. John Allen the top US commander in Afghanistan, salutes before he observes Memorial Day on May 28.

Anja Niedringhaus/AP

Enlarge

The top commander of US and NATO forces in Afghanistan, Gen. John Allen, met with Pakistan's Chief of Army Staff Gen. Ashfaq Pervez Kayani today to urge Pakistan to crack down on militants who launch cross-border attacks into Afghanistan.?

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Military-to-military meetings are common between the two countries, especially as Pakistan?s military apparatus has had the power there. But as the civilian government and the courts begin to establish themselves in line with more democratic norms, some are questioning how good military-level meetings are for Pakistan?s democracy.

Amid the deterioration of US-Pakistan relations, some US officials say Washington should take a different tack and circumvent the military to talk directly to the civilian government. By negotiating primarily with the Pakistan military, the argument goes, the US inadvertently strengthens Pakistan's Army, rather than civilian rule, even as the military undermines American interests in Afghanistan.

Though the premise is correct, according to Stephen Cohen and Moseed Yusuf in an op-ed in The New York Times, circumventing the military is just as ill conceived ?as was past support for Pakistan's military dictators.?

?American attempts to actively exploit Pakistan's civil-military disconnect are likely to end up strengthening right-wing rhetoric in Pakistan, create even more space for security-centric policies, and further alienate the Pakistani people from the United States,? write Mr. Cohen and Mr. Yusuf.

The two countries have been at loggerheads ever since NATO airstrikes killed 24 Pakistani soldiers and injured an additional 13 at the Salala military checkpoint close to the Afghan border in November. Pakistan retaliated by closing supply routes to ISAF forces. A 14-point parliamentary resolution requesting an apology for the Salala incident, along with more funds for use of Pakistani motorways to transport supplies, has been met with US reluctance. Reports yesterday indicate that reopening NATO supply routes would be at the top of the agenda, along with border coordination.

Pakistan's foreign minister, Hina Rabbani Khar, is currently leading negotiations on the NATO supply routes with the US, and Kayani has referred the US to the civilian government on the question of reopening the border after the Salala incident. The military continues to define key parts of Pakistani foreign policy, but there is a public attempt to boost the civilian government. However, the seemingly similar interests in maintaining a defiant stance vis-a-vis the US comes from a broadly-shared frustration with US foreign policy toward Pakistan.

Conversations about a US decision to stop talking altogether with the military or the civilian branch of Pakistan is an indication that the US thinks of Pakistan as a clear cut division between civilian and military elites that largely disagree on their approach to the US. That assumption is wrong. But, say the analysts, maintaining relations with Pakistan's military and security agencies as well as the civilian government is essential for intelligence cooperation in the long run.

Still, if democratically minded activists within Pakistan had it their way, any cooperation with Pakistan on security matters should always go through a people's assembly.?

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